How to setup a proper aquarium filtration system?

Why do you need a proper filtration system for your aquarium?

Filter is an important component for setting up am aquarium. Without a filter, water will get dirty/cloudy very fast, it even will bring a foul smell. So, setting up a proper filtration system is very important for an aquarium. A proper filtration system helps to remove excess food, decaying organic matter, free-floating particle, and harmful chemicals from the water, ensuring a safe and healthy environment for your aquatic pets.

Aquarium Filters break into different sections:

Types of Aquarium Filter Media

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1. Mechanical Filters

Mechanical filters work by trapping residue or waste from the aquarium water. Media such as foam or sponges is used physically to trap and hold debris. Sponge Filter and Hang On Back (HOB) filters are popular examples of mechanical filters. However, cleaning or replacing the filter media regularly is needed to prevent the trapped debris from polluting the water.

2. Biological Filters

Biological filters utilize beneficial bacteria to break down harmful ammonia and nitrites produced by fish waste and uneaten food into less harmful nitrates through a process call 'nitrification'. These filters use bio-media, such as ceramic rings/tubes or hollow balls  to provide surface area for the bacteria to colonize on it.

3. Chemical Filters

Chemical filtration comes to using media such as resin (Purigen), activated carbon,  or chemical removers to eliminate harmful substances from the water. These filters work by absorbing dissolved wastes and unwanted chemicals, there of improving the water's clarity and removing odors. Different media was use to target specific pollutants, to be effective ensure you use the right media for your needs.

How to choose a filter for my tank?

Choosing a filter essentially involves consideration of space available, types of filter you prefer, types and amount of live stock you keep and filter media you use. Hence, before that, you need to understand the pros and cons of each type of filter.

Types of Aquarium Filter

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Type of filter available on the market: 

- Hang On Back Filter (HOB) : It’s a hanging type filter, suitable for small fish keeping or tank below 60L. It’s flow is like a waterfall and it won’t take up much space in the tank, convenient and easy to install. Good at providing mechanical and chemical filtration, some even can fit in biological filtration.

- Top Filter : Comes with a filter box and a pump. More onto Mechanical Filtration and biological filtration. Can modify and add in media depending on your needs by its large compartment provided.

- Internal Filter : Fully submerged in the water, suitable for small aquarium or quarantine tank. Provide a combination of mechanical, biological, and sometimes chemical filtration.

- Sponge Filter : Suitable for breeding tank or shrimp tank setup. Water was draw through a porous sponge, trapping debris and providing a home for beneficial bacteria. Excellent biological and mechanical filtration.

- Canister Filter : Suitable for larger aquariums. Consist a large canister that holds various filter media and pushes the water through under pressure, ensuring thorough filtration. Provide all three filtration types (mechanical, biological, and chemical).

Essential Filter Maintenance Tips

Regular cleaning and replacing of filter media are important for maintaining your filter's performance. Additionally, when cleaning a biological filter, avoid using tap water as it can kill the beneficial bacteria in the bio-media. Instead, use water from the tank itself.